Arguments against abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arguments against abortion - Essay Example The controversy lies on when and whether abortion should be done and the extent to which it should be denied or encouraged. It is this debate that has caused other countries to legalize abortion, such as the US, while others, such as Brazil, still consider the procedure illegal (Naden, 2008). This paper argues against abortion, based on its conflict with religious and moral standards, and thus supports its illegalization. First, abortion involves taking human life away, hence tantamount to murder. With this argument, it would be critical to understand when life begins. Proponents of abortion argue that an embryo is not a human being. They argue that it is only until such an embryo acquires human characteristics that it shall be recognized as a human (Thomson, 2010). However, these proponents do not draw a clear line from which an embryo becomes human. Therefore, it would be more reasonable to consider an embryo as a full human or a person (Beckwith 1992). According to England (1996), the embryo starts developing immediately an oocyte is fertilized by a sperm, a process that results in the formation of a zygote. A zygote is a large diploid cell and is the beginning of human life. It means that life begins at conception and thus the humanness of an embryo immediately after fertilization. This pro-life argument has been in existence in the history of the world for a long time. For instance, Naden (2008) observes that the Bible refers to the unborn as a child. It therefore recognizes the fact that an embryo already qualifies as a human being. Therefore, life begins at conception. This means that at whatever stage of pregnancy, from the first day to the last day of the ninth month, whatever is borne in the womb is a human being. As such, aborting pregnancy at any stage amounts to murder, and thus immoral. Secondly, having observed that abortion is tantamount to murder, it is against religious principles to decide on the death of a person, in this case the embryo, as only God reserves the sole power to decide when one should die. In basic terms, abortion is killing. No one holds the right to decide on the death or even life of an innocent person. However, Thomson (2010) observes that in situations where the life of the woman is at risk of death, say due to a cardiac condition that could prevent carrying the pregnancy to term, then she has the right to abort. Both the mother and the fetus have the right to life. Carrying out an abortion amounts to killing the fetus while doing nothing does not mean killing the mother, but rather letting her die. Furthermore, killing the fetus would be killing an innocent life that does not aim at killing the mother. Choosing between letting one die and killing an innocent person, the former holds moral expectations. However, if the mother opts for an abortion, it would not be considered as immoral, but rather an act to save her life. The mother’s right of deciding what happens to and in her body outweighs the right of the fetus to life. Finally, there are a myriad of physiological and psychological risks associated with abortion making it impermissible. Abortion remains an elusive area of study for a majority of doctors. Even after the procedure was legalized in the US, a Columbia University Medical Center professor of obstetrics and gynecology, Dr. Carolyn Westhoff, observes that the situation has not changed significantly with large teaching hospitals and medical schools not treating abortion as an important training area (Naden, 2008). This means that the area lacks adequate qualified personnel to handle the procedure. This leaves the task to physicians at freestanding clinics, exposing the women

B300 B TMA 01 Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

B300 B TMA 01 Strategy - Essay Example It can also lead to the successful adaptation of experience and technology in the workplace. Business organizations need to apply innovation and creativity in order to accomplish their business and organizational goals. They also need to have appropriate processes that can respond effectively to the changes in the business environment. Path dependency has been associated with an increase in organizational performance. This report will seek to identify and assess the impact of path dependency in augmenting organizational performance. The report provides an overview and background about the definition of path dependency. It describes the relationship between path dependency and business firms. The characteristics of path dependency are explained using relevant theories. The strengths and weaknesses of path dependency approach are elucidated in a smart and prudent manner. Finally the paper concludes that path dependency can significantly enhance the firm performance in many ways. Path dependence has been defined as the impact of past choices on existing options. It creates the structural framework for an association between efforts and results. The results are reliant upon the choices completed at the feedback phase. However in reality, path dependence has an intricate and complex definition (Mazzucato, 2002: Pg 250). It can involve a scenario where existing choices are constrained because of earlier alternatives. Another situation can occur when earlier judgments are simply part of multiple variables which impact the ability of organizations to choose alternatives. Path dependencies are an integral nature of organizational innovation and change. At the basic level, organizations might make decisions that are not limited by path dependency. However this can restrict the ability of organizations to pursue future alternatives in a smart and prudent manner. Path dependence emerges from a number of causes. If certain policies provide efficiency